NATIVE PLANT SELECTIONS
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Medium growing sprawling deciduous tree
Height 15 to 20 feet - Spread 6 to 12 feet
Likes sun to part shade
Fire engine red in fall in open sites
Sprawling branches often root and form colonies.
ECOLOGY: Moist to wet places, generally under other trees,
sometimes in open areas like clear cuts.
Medium growing upright deciduous perennial
Height 12 to 18 inches
Spreads gently, not invasive.
ECOLOGY: Needs shade, likes acid soil. Prefers a cool, moist humous rich site.
Rapid growing upright deciduous broadleaf tree
Height 40 to 60 feet - Spread 25 to 30 feet
Likes sun
Likes acid soil
Brownish 2 cm. "cones" in fall
ECOLOGY: for low moist to wet areas, stream banks
Medium growing multi-stem deciduous shrub
Height 4 to 12 feet
Showy white flowers spring, sweet black berries in summer, has good fall colours.
ECOLOGY: Likes sun/part shade. Found in well-drained dry to moist soils. Try in shrub border, edge of forest, shoreline or bank cover.
Arctostaphylos uva ursi (Bearberry or Kinnikinnick)
Medium growing spreading evergreen ground cover
Height 4 to 6 inches - Spread 8 to 15 feet
Likes sun to part shade
Pinkish white flowers in spring, followed by red berries in fall.
This excellent groundcover is highly adaptable, but requires excellent drainage.
ECOLOGY: Found in sandy, well drained exposed sites, dry, rocky slopes, dry forest.
Medium growing upright evergreen perennial
Height 1 to 3 feet
Produces 2 kinds of fronds: erect (fertile) & spreading (sterile).
ECOLOGY: Partial/full shade, likes acid soil. Prefers a cool, moist to wet site.
Densely tufted evergreen perennial
Height 2 to 5 feet - Spread indefinite
Likes sun or part shade
Spreads by rhizomes.
ECOLOGY: Grows in wetlands, marshes, inter-tidal zones or freshwater areas.
Rapid growing spreading deciduous shrub
Height 6 to 12 feet
Likes sun/part shade
White flowers in late spring, blue black berries in fall (not edible)
Colorful red branches in winter.
ECOLOGY: Swamps, streamside scrub, also upland forest and thickets. Useful in areas that are wet in the winter and dry in the summer. Good in mass plantings.
Medium growing upright deciduous shrub
Height 3 to 12 feet
Sun or part shade
Yellowish catkins in spring, edible nuts in fall.
ECOLOGY: Likes a moist well-drained site. Typically grows in open forest, clearings, streamside habitats.
Medium growing deciduous tree with big thorns
Height 15 to 25 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Likes acid soil
White flowers in spring, edible purple black berries in fall
ECOLOGY: Moist open places; forest edges, shorelines,
roadsides, streamside areas, coastal bluffs.
Gaultheria shallon (Salal)
Medium growing spreading evergreen shrub
Height 2 to 10 feet
Likes sun or shade
White flowers in early summer, blue-black edible berries in late summer.
ECOLOGY: Found in coniferous forests, rocky bluffs on the seashore. Good companion for rhodos, tough bank cover, drought tolerant.
Medium growing vase-like deciduous shrub
Height 8 to 12 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Grayish-green foliage on arching branches, attracts birds.
Creamy white flowers in summer.
ECOLOGY: Dry to moist, open sites, woods, thickets, coastal bluffs
Tough, drought tolerant. Grows almost anywhere.
Medium growing upright evergreen shrub
Height 3 to 6 feet - Spread 3 to 6 feet
Likes sun or shade
Likes acid soil
Fragrant yellow flowers in spring, blue black edible berries in summer.
ECOLOGY: Dry to moist woodland or open, dry rocky sites.
Slow growing spreading evergreen shrub
Height 18 to 24 inches - Spread 2 to 4 feet
Likes partial to full shade
Fragrant yellow flowers in spring, edible blue berries.
Ground cover. Use in front of taller mahonias?
ECOLOGY: Likes dry to moist soils in a forest environment.
Malus diversifolia syn. fusca (Pacific Crabapple)
Medium growing spreading deciduous tree
Height 10 to 25 feet - Spread to 13 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Good fall colors
Small white flowers in spring, tart red/ yellow crabapples in summer.
Attracts wildlife.
ECOLOGY: Found in moist woods, swamps, edges of standing or flowing water. Good by streamsides & boggy areas.
Rapid growing upright evergreen shrub
Height 6 to 25 feet - Spread 3 to 10 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Easily pruned to size.
ECOLOGY: Tolerates ocean front and shade. (Grown from cuttings taken at Long Beach.)
Medium growing upright deciduous shrub
Height 8 to 15 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Fragrant greenish white flowers in March, small purple plums in summer. Among the first to leaf out in spring.
ECOLOGY: Dry to moist soils, open woodlands, streambanks, roadsides.
Rapid growing erect deciduous shrub
Variable size- up to 10ft- depending on site
Likes sun/part shade
Fragrant white flowers in early summer.
ECOLOGY: Grows in a variety of sites from open, moist forest to open brushy areas on dry, rocky soils.
Fast growing spreading deciduous shrub
Height to 15 feet
Likes sun or part shade
Creamy white flowers in late spring. Attractive peeling bark.
ECOLOGY: Wet, somewhat open places (streamside thickets, edges of moist woods, coastal marshes. Occasionally on drier sites.
Medium growing vase-like evergreen perennial
Height 2 to 4 feet
Robust, easily grown, clump forming fern, drought tolerant.
ECOLOGY: Partial to full shade, takes some sun. Likes acid soil.
Prunus virginiana (Choke Cherry)
Medium growing rounded deciduous tree
Height 15 to 20 feet - Spread 10 to 15 feet
Likes sun/part shade
White to pink flowers in spring, small bitter purple cherries in late summer. Attractive greyish-brown bark.
ECOLOGY: Grows in moist forest and along streams. Pioneer species on logged areas.
Medium growing spreading deciduous tree
Height 40 to 60 feet - Spread 40 to 60 feet
Likes sun
ECOLOGY: Dry, rocky slopes or bluffs. Sometimes in deep, rich,
well-drained soil. Likes dry conditions in summer.
Medium growing upright deciduous shrub
Height 3 to 9 feet - Spread 2 to 4 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Red to pink flowers in spring, blue black berries in summer.
ECOLOGY: Found in dry open woods, rocky slopes, disturbed sites.
Vigorous graceful deciduous shrub
Height to 6 feet
Likes sun or part shade
Fragrant pink to white flowers in late spring, orange to red hips in fall.
ECOLOGY: Grows in a variety of habitats from open to woodland, dry to moist.
Medium growing rounded deciduous shrub
Height 6 to 8 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Fragrant, single pink flowers in spring, showy purplish hips in fall.
ECOLOGY: Open habitats, shorelines, meadows, roadside, streamside areas. Moist to some drought.
Rapid growing spreading deciduous shrub
Height 6 to 12 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Pink flowers in spring, soft, sweet red berries in early summer.
ECOLOGY: Grows in moist to wet places, takes shade.
Rapid growing vase-like deciduous tree
Height 10 to 30 feet - Spread 6 to 25 feet
Likes sun. Variable size in the wild
Creamy white flowers in early summer, powder blue berry clusters in late summer, the edible berries used for wine, jelly, pie.
ECOLOGY: Streambanks, swampy thickets, ditches.
Medium growing rounded deciduous shrub
Height 6 to 12 feet - Spread 6 to 10 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Creamy white flowers in spring, showy red berries in summer.
ECOLOGY: Found on streambanks, swampy thickets, open forest
Attracts birds, showy foliage.
Spiraea douglasii (Western Spiraie aka Hardhack)
Medium growing vase-like deciduous shrub
Height 6 to 10 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Red spike flowers in summer.
ECOLOGY: Streambanks, swamps, damp meadows, ditches
Will do well in that boggy, low spot in the landscape.
Medium growing upright deciduous shrub
Height 3 to 6 feet - Spread 3 to 6 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Pinkish white flowers in summer, showy white berries persist into winter.
ECOLOGY: Grows anywhere - in dry or moist sites. Tolerates drought, poor soils, shade, wind.
Slow growing upright evergreen shrub
Height 2 to 4 feet - Spread 2 to 4 feet
Likes sun/part shade
Pinkish-white flowers in mid spring, delicious black berries in summer.
ECOLOGY: Found in coniferous forests, especially edges or openings, on the beach fringe in the salts pray zone.
Medium growing upright deciduous shrub
Height 4 to 8 feet Spread 4 to 6 feet
Likes part shade or shade
Small bell flowers in spring, edible red huckleberries in summer, good fall colors.
ECOLOGY: Excellent for backyard wildlife habitat, forest or streamside.
Vaccinium vitis-idaea (Lingonberry)
Slow growing spreading evergreen shrub
Height 10 to 12 inches - Spread 1 to 3 feet
Likes sun/part shade
White flowers in spring, edible red berries in summer.
ECOLOGY: Found in coniferous forests, bogs, alpine tundra.
